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...To start at the begining
The B-25 was named in honor of General Billy Mitchell, a pioneer
of U.S. military aviation and is the only American military aircraft named after a specific person.
The North American B-25 Mitchell (NA-62) was
an American twin-engined medium bomber manufactured by North American Aviation. It was used by many Allied air forces, in
every theater of World War II, as well as many other air forces after the war ended, and saw service across four decades.
By the end of its production, nearly 10,000 B-25s in numerous
models had been built. These included a few limited variations, such as the US Navy's and US Marine Corps' PBJ-1 patrol bomber
and the Army Air Forces' F-10 photo reconnaissance aircraft.
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Variant comparisons
LENGTH
HEIGHT
WING AREA: 609.73 square feet (56.65
square meters)
FUEL CAPACITY (NORMAL): 974 U.S.
gallons (3,687 liters)
EMPTY WEIGHT
MAXIMUM WEIGHT
MAXIMUM SPEED
SERVICE CEILING
CREW
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B-25J: Six (pilot, co-pilot, bombardier/gunner,
engineer/gunner, waist gunner and tail gunner)
RANGE [with 3,000 pound (1,361
kg) bomb load]
ARMAMENT
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B-25H: One 75 mm cannon in the nose;
and fourteen 50-caliber (12.7 mm) machine guns, four fixed in the nose, two each blister guns on the right and left side of
the aircraft, two each in the top and tail turrets, and one each in the left and right waist positions.
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B-25J: Twelve 50-caliber (12.7 mm) machine
guns; one fixed and one flexible in the nose, two each blister guns on the right and left side of the aircraft, two each in
the top and tail turrets, and one each in the left and right waist positions.
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B-25
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The first version of the B-25 delivered. No prototypes
were ordered. The first nine aircraft were built with constant dihedral angle. Due to low stability, the wing was redesigned
so that the dihedral was eliminated on the outboard section.
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(Number made: 24.)
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B-25A
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Version of the B-25 modified to make it combat ready;
additions included self-sealing fuel tanks, crew armor, and an improved tail gunner station. No changes were made in the armament.
Re-designated obsolete (RB-25A designation) in 1942.
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(Number made: 40.)
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B-25B
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Rear turret deleted; manned dorsal and remotely-operated
ventral turrets added, each with a pair of .50-caliber machine guns. The ventral turret was retractable, but the increased
drag still reduced the cruise speed by 30 mph (48 km/h). 23 were delivered to the RAF as the Mitchell Mk I. The Doolittle
Raiders flew B-25Bs on their famous mission.
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(Number made: 120.)
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B-25C
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Improved version of the B-25B: powerplants upgraded from
Wright R-2600-9 radials to R-2600-13s; de-icing and anti-icing equipment added; the navigator received a sighting blister;
nose armament was increased to two .50-caliber machine guns, one fixed and one flexible. The B-25C model was the first mass-produced
B-25 version; it was also used in the United Kingdom (as the Mitchell II), in Canada, the China, the Netherlands, and the
Soviet Union. First mass-produced B-25 model.
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(Number made: 1,625.)
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ZB-25C
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B-25D
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Identical to the B-25C, the only difference was that the
B-25D was made in Kansas City, Kansas, whereas the B-25C was made in Inglewood, California. First flew on 3 January 1942.
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(Number made: 2,290.)
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ZB-25D
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XB-25E
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Single B-25C modified to test de-icing and anti-icing
equipment that circulated exhaust from the engines in chambers in the leading and trailing edges and empennage. The aircraft
was tested for almost two years, beginning in 1942; while the system proved extremely effective, no production models were
built that used it prior to the end of World War II. Many prop aircraft today use the XB-25E system.
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(Number made: 1, converted.)
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ZXB-25E
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XB-25F-A
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Modified B-25C that tested the use of insulated electrical
de-icing coils mounted inside the wing and empennage leading edges as a de-icing system. The hot air de-icing system tested
on the XB-25E was more practical.
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(Number made: 1, converted.)
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XB-25G
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Modified B-25C in which the transparent nose was replaced
by a solid one carrying two fixed .50-caliber machine guns and a 2.95-inch (75 mm) M4 cannon, then the largest weapon ever
carried on an American bomber.
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(Number made: 1, converted.)
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B-25G
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To satisfy the dire need for ground-attack and strafing
aircraft, the B-25G was made following the success of the prototype XB-25G. The production model featured increased armour
and a greater fuel supply than the XB-25G. One B-25G was passed to the British, who gave it the name Mitchell II that
had been used for the B-25C.
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(Number made: 420.)
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B-25H
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An improved
version of the B-25G. It featured two additional
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fixed .50-caliber
machine guns in the nose and four in fuselage-
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mounted pods;
the heavy M4 cannon was replaced by a lighter
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2.95-inch (75 mm)
T13E1.
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(Number made:
1,000; number left
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flying in the world:
1.)
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B-25J
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The last production model of the B-25, often called a
cross between the B-25C and the B-25H. It had a transparent nose, but many of the delivered aircraft were modified to have
a solid nose. Most of its 14–18 machine guns were forward-facing for strafing missions. 316 were delivered to the Royal
Air Force as the Mitchell III. (Number made: 4,318.)
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CB-25J
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Utility transport version.
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VB-25J
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A number of B-25s were converted for use as staff and
VIP transports. Henry H. Arnold and Dwight D. Eisenhower both used converted B-25Js as their personal transports.
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Trainer variants
Most models of the B-25 were used at some point as training
aircraft.
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TB-25D
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Originally designated AT-24A (Advanced Trainer,
Model 24, Version A). Trainer modification of B-25D. In total, 60 AT-24s were built.
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TB-25G
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Originally designated AT-24B. Trainer modification
of B-25G.
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TB-25C
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Originally designated AT-24C. Trainer modification
of B-25C.
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TB-25J
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Originally designated AT-24D. Trainer modification of
B-25J. Another 600 B-25Js were modified after the war.
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TB-25K
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Hughes E1 fire-control radar trainer (Hughes).
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(Number made: 117.)
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TB-25L
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Hayes pilot-trainer conversion.
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(Number made: 90.)
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TB-25M
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Hughes E5 fire-control radar trainer.
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(Number made: 40.)
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TB-25N
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Hayes navigator-trainer conversion.
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(Number made: 47.)
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U.S. Navy / U.S. Marine Corps variants
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PBJ-1C
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Similar to the B-25C for the US Navy; often fitted with
airborne search radar and used in the anti-submarine role.
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PBJ-1D
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Similar to the B-25D for the US Navy and US Marine Corps.
Differed in having a single .50 caliber M2 in the tail turret and beam gun positions similar to the B-25H. Often fitted with
airborne search radar and used in the anti-submarine role.
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PBJ-1G
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US Navy/US Marine Corps designation for the B-25G
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PBJ-1H
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US Navy/US Marine Corps designation for the B-25H
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PBJ-1J
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US Navy designation for the B-25J-NC (Blocks -1 through
-35) with improvements in radio and other equipment. Often fitted with "package guns" and wingtip search radar for the anti-shipping/anti-submarine
role.
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Total Mitchell production was as follows:
B-25: 24 B-25A:
40 B-25B: 120 B-25C: 1,620 B-25D:
2,290 B-25G: 400 B-25H: 1,000 B-25J:
4,390
Total: 9,884
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Model comparison
Stat |
B |
C/D |
G |
H |
J |
Engine |
Wright R-2600-9 |
Wright R-2600-13 |
Wright R-2600-13 |
Wright R-2600-13 |
Wright R-2600-29 |
Max HP each |
1,700 |
1,700 |
1,700 |
1,700 |
1,700 |
Sustained HP |
1,350 at 13,000 feet |
Ditto |
Ditto |
Ditto |
Ditto |
Max speed |
300 mph at 15,000 feet |
284 mph at 15,000 feet |
281 mph at 15,000 feet |
275 mph at 13,000 feet |
272 mph at 13,000 |
Ceiling |
23,500 feet |
21,200 feet |
24,300 feet |
24,800 feet |
24,500 feet |
Range |
1,300 miles |
1,525 miles |
1,525 miles |
? |
1,350 miles |
Bomb load |
3,000 lbs (standard) |
3,200 lbs (standard) |
Ground attack |
Ground attack |
3,000 lbs |
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